Amino acids are always composed of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and an R-group. Only the R-group ever varies. 20 different amino acids can be found in living organisms. Amino acids are connected to each other during the process of translation. Covalent bonds between several amino acids are called peptide bonds.
|
||||||
|
Macromolecules are many smaller molecules bonded together to make polymer. Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are a few examples of macromolecules found in living organisms. They tend to be large and complex (as far as molecules go). The smaller molecules used to build a macromolecule, or polymer, are called monomers. The monomers used to build proteins [...] Functional groups have chemical properties that are important to the structure and function of the molecules in which they are found. Each functional group holds onto its properties regardless of the molecule in which it is found. The following are some important functional groups and where they are most likely to be found. All functional groups [...] Carbon is able to form four bonds with other atoms, enabling a variety of different combinations and possibilities for molecules and macromolecules, in a variety of structures and functions. All organic compounds contain carbon atoms bound to other atoms. Typically, carbon forms covalent bonds with other carbons, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Carbon and hydrogen have [...] Have you ever tried to dye your hair in the bathroom, and had to open a window because of the smell? Or maybe you can’t dye your hair because your skin is sensitive to the chemicals. Or maybe when you dye your hair, you get the motherload of split ends all at once. If any of [...] Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are water-containing carbon compounds. Starch and cellulose are examples of carbohydrates. Both starch and cellulose are built up from glucose. Thus, glucose is a monomer and starch and cellulose are polymers. The simplest sugars are called monosaccharides (meaning “single sugars”.) The most common types are pentose and hexose sugars (having five and six carbons, respectively.) [...] Okay, so I haven’t tried making this but it’s definitely on my list of domestic goals. Plus, I get to use a microwave to do cooking and with a scientific excuse for why I have to use the microwave; it’s not being lazy, the recipe will literally not turn out if I don’t utilize the [...] Metabolism is the sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur within a cell. Metabolism can be broken down into two major categories: catabolism and anabolism. Catabolism Breaks down molecules into smaller molecules. Glycoprotein Glycosylation is the process of bonding a carbohydrate to a protein or lipid. Proteins are synthesized and added to carbohydrates in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. When a carbohydrate is attached to a lipid, the end result is called a glycolipid. When a carbohydrate is attached to a protein, the end result [...]
Isomers are molecules with an identical molecule formula but with different structures and characteristics. Usually these differences give them very different biological functions. Remember that form follows function! A few types of isomers to remember are:
|
|
|||||
|
Copyright © 2010 Both Brains and Beauty - All Rights Reserved |
||||||
